Sundeep Teki
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Index

8/4/2025

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​​AI: Leadership & Strategy
  • India's AI Paradox: Strengths vs. Gaps in the Stanford AI Index 2025
  • Building a Winning Gen AI Strategy for Enterprises
  • How CXOs are actually using Generative AI
  • Corporate Training in Generative AI for Indian Enterprises
  • India's AI Infrastructure Crisis: Holding Back its Talent
  • AI Talent: India's Greatest Asset in the Global AI Race
  • India's AI Edge: Applications, not Foundational LLMs
  • Challenges in Adoption of Indian LLMs
  • Can India become a Global AI Leader?
  • Gen AI Readiness: A Strategic Guide for Tech Startups 
  • Recruiting AI/ML Engineers: Best Practices
  • Quality vs. Cost of Large Language Models
  • Monetizing AI: The Economics and Pricing of GenAI
  • How to Build a GenAI Team for your Startup? 
  • How to Automate MLOps? 
  • Data Engineer vs Data Scientist 
  • Top 10 MLOps tools 
  • Developing AI/ML Projects for Business - Best Practices     
  • Building AI/ML products               
  • How to build AI Teams that Deliver?                                                                  
  • Why Corporate AI Projects Fail? Part 1                                   
  • Why Corporate AI Projects Fail? Part 2
  • How to hire Data Science teams?
  • ​​Benefits of FAANG companies for Data Science & ML roles
  • ML Engineer vs Data Scientist
  • Best Practices for Improving Machine Learning Models
  • The Case for Reproducible Data Science
  • Reskilling India for an AI-First Economy

​   AI: Data & Governance
  • How to Choose a Vector Database 
  • Data Preparation Steps for Data Engineers 
  • Why is a Strong Data Culture Important to your Business 
  • How Big Tech Companies Define Business Metrics 
  • What are Best Practices for Data Governance? 
  • Choosing a Data Governance Framework for your Organization
  • Why Data Democratization is important to your business?
  • How to ensure Data Quality through Governance
  • The Metric Layer and how it fits into the Modern Data Stack
  • How to Generate Synthetic Data for Machine Learning Projects​
  • Understanding and Measuring Data Quality
  • Surefire Ways to Identify Data Drift 
  • ​​Data Labeling and Relabeling in Data Science                                                      
  • Data Labeling: The Unsung Hero Combating Data Drift

​  AI: Use cases
  • Agentic AI
  • Mixtral - Mistral of Experts Large Language Model 
  • How to choose the best time series forecasting model?
  • Federated Machine Learning for Healthcare 
  • AI & Web3 
  • What are Fake Reviews? 
  • Knowledge Distillation: Principles, Algorithms & Applications                
  • TLDR: AI for Text Summarization & Generation of TLDRs   
  • Covid or just a Cough? AI for Detecting Covid-19 from Cough Sounds 
  • ​Fact-checking Covid-19 Fake News                                            
  • AI-enabled Conversations with Analytics Tables​

​  Team development
  • How to Manage Stakeholders Effectively?
  • ​Effective Communication between Scientists and Non-scientists
  • How to Improve Retention in Engineering Teams?
  • Team Development Tips for Engineering and Product Leaders
  • Five 5-minute Team-Building Activities for Remote Teams

​Misc.
  • When is the right time to migrate to Kubernetes?
  • AWS Redshift Pricing Guide
  • AWS Lambda Pricing and Optimisation Guide​
  • Using Bash to Read Files
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India's AI Paradox: Strengths vs. Gaps in the Stanford AI Index 2025

8/4/2025

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1. India's ranking in the Stanford AI Index 2025
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2. Analysis of India's relative AI strengths and weaknesses vs. USA and China
India ranks 4th globally in the AI Index (figure 1) with a score of 25.54, placing it behind the US (1st, 70.06) and China (2nd, 40.17). However, a comparative analysis of India's AI strengths and weaknesses (figure 2) reveals that there are still major concerns and problems for her to solve to be able to compete with global AI leaders. 

Strengths for India
  • Diversity (Score: 2.86): A standout strength, significantly higher than both the US (1.01) and China (1.08). This suggests a potential advantage in diverse perspectives or workforce representation in AI.
  • Policy & Governance (Score: 4.55): Respectable score, slightly ahead of China (4.40), indicating a supportive regulatory and policy environment is developing.
  • Education (Score: 2.02): Shows promise, scoring higher than China (0.94), pointing towards efforts in building AI talent.
  • R&D (Score: 9.37): This is India's highest individual score component, signifying research activity, although it remains substantially behind the US (19.29) and China (14.78).

Weaknesses for India
  • Infrastructure (Score: 0.60): A critical bottleneck. This score is extremely low compared to the US (16.91) and China (9.49), highlighting a major barrier to AI deployment and scaling.
  • Responsible AI (Score: 0.36): Very low, lagging significantly behind the US (5.71). This indicates a need for much greater focus on ethical guidelines, development, and implementation practices.
  • Economy (Score: 4.30): Lower than the US (13.55) and China (6.19), suggesting challenges in translating AI capabilities into widespread economic impact and value creation.

Conclusion
India shows potential, particularly in leveraging its diversity, policy focus, and growing educational base for AI. However, critical gaps in infrastructure and responsible AI practices, along with translating R&D into economic gains, are major hurdles compared to global leaders like the US and China.

AI Strategy & Training for Executives
The gap between India's AI potential and its current infrastructural/ethical maturity requires astute leadership. The winners will be those who can strategically:
  • Capitalize on our unique diversity and policy strengths.
  • Mitigate risks tied to infrastructure limitations and responsible AI implementation.
  • Build robust strategies to ensure AI investments deliver real, measurable business value.

Leading effectively in the age of AI, particularly Generative AI, requires specific strategic understanding. If you would like to equip your executive team with the knowledge to make confident decisions, manage risks, and drive successful AI integration, reach out for custom AI training proposals - [email protected].

Related blogs
  • India's AI Infrastructure Crisis: Holding Back its Talent
  • AI Talent: India's Greatest Asset in the Global AI Race
  • India's AI Edge: Applications, not Foundational LLMs
  • Challenges in Adoption of Indian LLMs
  • Can India become a Global AI Leader?
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Building a Winning Generative AI Strategy for Enterprises

3/4/2025

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Introduction: From Buzzword to Bottom Line
Generative AI (GenAI) is no longer a futuristic concept whispered in tech circles; it's a powerful force reshaping industries and fundamentally altering how businesses operate.

GenAI has decisively moved "from buzzword to bottom line." Early adopters are reporting significant productivity gains – customer service teams slashing response times, marketing generating months of content in days, engineering accelerating coding, and back offices becoming vastly more efficient. Some top performers even attribute over 10% of their earnings to GenAI implementations.

The potential is undeniable. But harnessing this potential requires more than just plugging into the latest Large Language Model (LLM). Building sustainable, trusted, and value-generating AI capabilities within an enterprise is a complex journey. It demands a clear strategy, robust foundations, and crucially, a workforce equipped with the right skills and understanding. Without addressing the human element – the knowledge gap across all levels of the organisation – even the most sophisticated AI tools will fail to deliver on their promise.

This guide, drawing insights from strategic reports and real-world experience, outlines the key stages of developing a successful enterprise GenAI strategy, emphasizing why targeted corporate training is not just beneficial, but essential at every step.

The Winning Formula: A Methodical, Phased Approach

The path to success is methodical: "identify high-impact use cases, build strong foundations, and scale what works." This journey typically unfolds across four key stages, underpinned by an iterative cycle of improvement.

Stage 1: Develop Your AI Strategy – Laying the Foundation

This initial phase (often the first 1-3 months) is about establishing the fundamental framework. Rushing this stage leads to common failure points: misaligned governance, crippling technical debt, and critical talent gaps. Success requires a three-dimensional focus: People, Process, and Technology.

1. People
Executive Alignment & Sponsorship: Getting buy-in isn't enough. Leaders need a strategic vision tying AI to clear business outcomes (productivity, growth). They must understand AI's potential and limitations to provide realistic guidance.

Training Need: Executive AI Briefings are crucial here, demystifying GenAI, outlining strategic opportunities/risks, and fostering informed sponsorship.

Governance & Oversight: Establishing an AI review board, ethical guidelines, and transparent evaluation processes cannot be an afterthought. Trust is built on responsible foundations.

Training Need: Governance teams need specialized training on AI ethics, bias detection, model evaluation principles, and regulatory compliance implications.

2. Process
Pilot Selection: Avoid tackling the biggest challenges first. Identify pilots offering demonstrable value quickly, with enthusiastic sponsors, available data, and manageable compliance. Focus on addressing real friction points.

Training Need: Business leaders and managers need training to identify high-potential, LLM-suitable use cases within their domains and understand the criteria for a successful pilot.

Scaling Framework: Define clear "graduation criteria" (performance thresholds, operational readiness, risk management) for moving pilots to broader deployment.

Training Need: Project managers and strategists need skills in defining AI-specific KPIs and operational readiness checks.

3. Technology
Technical Foundation: Evaluate existing infrastructure, data architecture maturity, integration capabilities, and tooling through an "AI lens."

Training Need: IT and data teams require upskilling to understand the specific infrastructural demands of AI development and deployment (e.g., GPUs, vector databases, MLOps).

Data Governance: High-quality, accessible, compliant data is non-negotiable. This requires sophisticated governance and data quality management.

Training Need: Data professionals need advanced training on data pipelines, quality checks, and governance frameworks specifically for AI.

Stage 2: Create Business Value – Identifying and Proving Potential

Once the strategy is outlined (Months 4-6, typically), the focus shifts to identifying specific use cases and demonstrating value through well-chosen pilots.

Identifying Pilot Use Cases: The best initial projects leverage core LLM strengths (unstructured data processing, content classification/generation) but carry low security or operational risk. They need abundant, accessible data and measurable success metrics tied to business indicators (reduced processing time, improved accuracy, etc.).

Defining Success Criteria: Move beyond vague goals. Success metrics must be Specific, Measurable, Aligned with business objectives, and Time-bound (SMART). You can find excellent examples across use cases like ticket routing, content moderation, chatbots, code generation, and data analysis.

Choosing the Right Model: Consider the trade-offs between intelligence, speed, cost, and context window size based on the specific task.

Training Need: Teams selecting models need foundational training on understanding these trade-offs and how different models suit different business needs and budgets.

Stage 3: Build for Production – From Concept to Reality

This stage involves turning the chosen use case and model into a reliable, scalable application.

Prompt Engineering: It is strongly advisable to invest in prompt engineering as a key skill. Well-crafted prompts can significantly improve model capabilities, often more quickly and cost-effectively than fine-tuning. This involves structuring prompts effectively (task, role, background data, rules, examples, formatting).

Training Need: Dedicated prompt engineering training is crucial for technical teams and even power users to maximize model performance without resorting to costly fine-tuning prematurely.

Evaluation: Rigorous evaluation is key to iteration. It is recommended to perform detailed, specific, automatable tests (potentially using LLMs as judges), run frequently. Side-by-side comparisons, quality grading, and prompt versioning are vital.

Training Need: Data scientists and ML engineers require training on robust evaluation methodologies, understanding metrics, and potentially leveraging proprietary tools

Optimization: Techniques like Few-Shot examples (providing examples in the prompt) and Chain of Thought (CoT) prompting (letting the model "think step-by-step") can significantly improve output quality and accuracy. 

Training Need: Applying these optimization techniques effectively requires specific training for those building the AI applications.

Stage 4: Deploy – Scaling and Operationalizing

Once an application runs smoothly end-to-end, it's time for production deployment (Months 13+ for broad adoption).

Progressive Rollout: Don't replace old systems immediately. Use progressive rollouts, A/B testing, and design user-friendly human feedback loops.

LLMOps (Deploying with LLM Ops): Operationalizing LLMs requires specific practices (LLMOps), a subset of MLOps. There are five best practices:

1.  Robust Monitoring & Observability: Track basic metrics (latency, errors) and LLM-specific ones (token usage, output quality).
2.  Systematic Prompt Management: Version control, testing, documentation for prompts.
3. Security & Compliance by Design: Access controls, content filtering, data privacy measures from the start.
4. Scalable Infrastructure & Cost Management: Balance scalability with cost efficiency (caching, right-sizing models, token optimisation).
5.  Continuous Quality Assurance: Regular testing, hallucination monitoring, user feedback loops.

Training Need: Dedicated MLOps / LLMOps training* is essential for DevOps and ML engineering teams responsible for deploying and maintaining these systems reliably and cost-effectively.

The Undeniable Need for Corporate AI Training Across All Levels

A recurring theme throughout industry reports (like BCG citing talent shortage as the #1 challenge), is the critical need for AI competencies at every level of the organisation:

1. C-Suite Executives: Need strategic vision. They require training focused on understanding AI's potential and risks, identifying strategic opportunities, asking the right questions, and championing responsible AI governance.** Generic AI knowledge isn't enough; they need tailored insights relevant to their industry and business goals.

2.  Managers & Team Leads: Need skills to guide transformation. Training should focus on identifying practical use cases within their teams, managing AI implementation projects, interpreting AI performance metrics, leading change management, and fostering collaboration between technical and non-technical staff.

3.  Individual Contributors: Need practical tool proficiency. Training should equip them to use specific AI tools effectively and safely, understand basic prompt techniques, provide valuable feedback for model improvement, and be aware of ethical considerations and data privacy.

4. Technical Teams (Engineers, Data Scientists, IT): Need deep, specialized skills. This requires ongoing, in-depth training on advanced prompt engineering, fine-tuning techniques, LLMOps, model evaluation methodologies, AI security best practices, and integrating AI with existing systems.

Without this multi-layered training approach, organizations risk:
  • Misaligned strategies driven by misunderstanding.
  • Poor pilot selection and failed projects.
  • Inefficient use of expensive AI tools.
  • Increased security and compliance risks.
  • Resistance to adoption due to fear or lack of understanding.
  • Falling behind competitors who invest in their people.

Partnering for Success: Your AI Training Journey

Building a successful Generative AI strategy is a marathon, not a sprint. It requires a clear roadmap, robust technology, strong governance, and, most importantly, empowered people. Generic, off-the-shelf training often falls short for the specific needs of enterprise transformation.

As an expert in AI and corporate training, I help organizations navigate this complex landscape. From executive briefings that shape strategic vision to hands-on workshops that build practical skills for technical teams and business users, tailored training programs are designed to accelerate your AI adoption journey responsibly and effectively.

Ready to move beyond the buzzword and build real, trusted AI capabilities? Let's discuss how targeted training can become the cornerstone of your enterprise Generative AI strategy.

Please feel free to Connect to discuss your organisation's AI Training requirements.
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How CXOs Are Actually Using Generative AI

1/4/2025

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Generative AI has exploded from a niche technological curiosity into a boardroom imperative. The hype is undeniable, but savvy CXOs across the C-suite are rapidly moving beyond fascination to practical application. They aren't just asking "What is Gen AI?" anymore; they're strategically deploying it to drive value, enhance decision-making, and reshape their organizations.

Based on recent insights from leading consultancies and publications like McKinsey, PwC, Gartner, Forbes, Harvard Business Review, and others, a clear picture emerges: CXOs view Gen AI not merely as a tool for automation, but as a powerful augmenter of strategic capabilities. It's becoming a co-pilot for leadership, helping navigate complexity and unlock new avenues for growth and efficiency.

So, how specifically are top executives leveraging this transformative technology?

1. Augmenting Strategic Planning and Decision-Making
This is perhaps the most significant area where CXOs are personally engaging with Gen AI. Instead of solely relying on traditional reports and human analysis, they are using Gen AI to:
  • Accelerate Market Intelligence & Competitor Analysis: Gen AI can rapidly synthesize vast amounts of publicly available data – news reports, financial filings, social media trends, research papers – to provide concise summaries of market shifts, competitor moves, and emerging threats or opportunities. As highlighted by HBR and Infomineo, CEOs can ask specific strategic questions and receive synthesized intelligence far faster than traditional research methods allow.
  • Enhance Scenario Planning: CXOs are using Gen AI to model potential futures. By feeding the models different variables (economic downturns, regulatory changes, technological breakthroughs), they can explore potential impacts on their business and develop more robust contingency plans. HBR notes its use in simulating market reactions to strategic moves.
  • Identify Growth Opportunities: Gen AI can analyze diverse datasets to uncover hidden patterns and suggest adjacent market opportunities, potential M&A targets, or areas ripe for innovation that might be missed by human analysts alone. SBI Growth reports CEOs using AI specifically to pinpoint and accelerate growth initiatives.
  • Improve Risk Assessment: By processing diverse information sources, Gen AI can help identify and summarize potential risks – from supply chain vulnerabilities to reputational threats – enabling more proactive risk management strategies.

Key Takeaway: Gen AI acts as a powerful research assistant and analytical partner, allowing CXOs to process more information, explore more possibilities, and ultimately make faster, more informed strategic decisions.

2. Driving Operational Excellence and Productivity
While strategic insight is key, the immediate value proposition for many lies in efficiency gains. CXOs are championing the use of Gen AI to:
  • Streamline C-Suite Workflows: Executives themselves are using Gen AI for tasks like drafting emails, summarizing long reports or meeting transcripts, generating presentation outlines, and even preparing initial drafts of board communications. McKinsey points out that Gen AI can significantly boost productivity for knowledge workers, including those at the highest levels.
  • Automate Routine Reporting: Generating standard financial summaries, operational updates, or market performance reports can be significantly accelerated, freeing up valuable analyst time for higher-level interpretation and strategic thinking.
  • Enhance Internal Knowledge Management: Large organizations often struggle with accessing internal information. Gen AI-powered search and Q&A systems can allow employees (and executives) to quickly find relevant information within company documents, policies, and databases.
  • Support Coding and IT Operations: For CTOs and CIOs, Gen AI tools that assist with code generation, debugging, and documentation are rapidly becoming indispensable, accelerating development cycles and improving IT efficiency. Forbes highlights this as a key area where CEOs are driving value.

Key Takeaway: By automating and augmenting routine tasks, Gen AI frees up executive time and organizational resources to focus on more strategic, value-added activities.

3. Revolutionizing Customer Engagement and Marketing
CMOs and Chief Customer Officers are leveraging Gen AI to create more personalized and effective interactions:
  • Hyper-Personalized Marketing: Gen AI enables the creation of highly tailored marketing copy, email campaigns, and product recommendations at scale, moving beyond simple segmentation to true one-to-one communication.
  • Accelerated Content Creation: Generating diverse marketing content – blog posts, social media updates, ad variations, product descriptions – becomes faster and more scalable, allowing teams to experiment and optimize more effectively.
  • Enhanced Customer Service: Gen AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants are becoming more sophisticated, capable of handling complex queries, providing instant support, and summarizing customer interactions for human agents, leading to improved efficiency and customer satisfaction. McKinsey notes customer operations as a function with significant Gen AI potential.
Key Takeaway: Gen AI allows businesses to understand and engage with customers on a deeper, more personalized level, driving loyalty and growth.
​

4. Accelerating Innovation and R&D
Beyond optimizing current operations, CXOs see Gen AI's potential to fuel future breakthroughs:
  • Idea Generation and Brainstorming: Gen AI can act as a creative partner, suggesting novel product ideas, exploring different design concepts, or proposing solutions to complex problems based on its vast training data.
  • Speeding Up Research: Synthesizing scientific papers, analyzing experimental data, and even suggesting new research directions are ways Gen AI can potentially accelerate R&D cycles, particularly in fields like materials science or pharmaceuticals.

Key Takeaway: Gen AI can inject novelty and speed into the innovation pipeline, helping companies stay ahead of the curve.

The CXO's Role: Leading the Charge Responsibly
Crucially, the effective use of Gen AI isn't just about deploying the technology; it's about leadership. The articles consistently emphasize several key CXO responsibilities:
  • Setting the Vision and Strategy: CEOs must articulate how Gen AI aligns with the company's overall strategic goals and define the ambition level for its adoption (PwC emphasizes tapping AI's full potential).
  • Fostering a Culture of Experimentation: Given the rapid evolution of Gen AI, leaders need to encourage safe experimentation and learning. Gartner highlights that many CEOs are personally experimenting to understand the technology's capabilities and limitations.
  • Championing Data Governance and Quality: Gen AI models are only as good as the data they are trained on and access. CXOs must ensure robust data strategies and governance frameworks are in place.
  • Addressing Risks and Ethical Considerations: This is paramount. Leaders must actively navigate challenges related to accuracy (hallucinations), data privacy, security, potential bias, intellectual property, and ethical use cases. PwC and McKinsey stress the importance of responsible AI frameworks.
  • Managing Workforce Impact: CXOs need to proactively address employee concerns, plan for necessary upskilling and reskilling, and communicate transparently about how Gen AI will augment, not just replace, human roles.
  • Focusing on Value: As Forbes emphasizes, the focus must remain on how Gen AI drives tangible business value, whether through cost savings, revenue growth, or improved decision-making. Measuring ROI is critical.

Getting Started: The Imperative to Act
The consensus across sources is clear: waiting is not an option. While a cautious approach is necessary regarding risks, CXOs are urged to:
  1. Educate Themselves and Their Teams: Develop a foundational understanding of what Gen AI can (and cannot) do.
  2. Identify High-Impact Pilot Projects: Start with specific, manageable use cases that offer clear potential value and allow the organization to learn.
  3. Establish Governance Early: Don't wait for problems to arise; proactively develop policies and guidelines for responsible use.
  4. Invest in Data Infrastructure: Ensure the data foundation is strong enough to support meaningful AI initiatives.
  5. Collaborate and Share Learnings: Encourage cross-functional teams and share insights gained from early experiments.

Conclusion
Generative AI is far more than a technological trend; it's a fundamental shift impacting how businesses operate and compete. For CXOs, it offers an unprecedented opportunity to enhance strategic thinking, boost operational efficiency, deepen customer relationships, and foster innovation. The leaders who are actively experimenting, thoughtfully integrating Gen AI into their workflows, and championing its responsible adoption are not just keeping pace – they are positioning their organizations to lead in the rapidly evolving landscape of the future. The era of the AI-augmented CXO has arrived.

References
  • https://infomineo.com/blog/how-ceos-leverage-ai-for-smarter-decision-making 
  • https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/artificial-intelligence/how-ceos-can-tap-ai-full-potential.html
  • https://www.gartner.com/en/articles/how-your-ceo-is-thinking-about-ai
  • https://www.forbes.com/sites/glenngow/2024/03/31/generative-aithe-top-ways-ceos-are-driving-value/
  • https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/what-every-ceo-should-know-about-generative-ai
  • https://hbr.org/2024/09/how-ceos-are-using-gen-ai-for-strategic-planning
  • https://sbigrowth.com/insights/how-ceos-are-using-ai-to-accelerate-growth-ceo-report ​
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    Copyright © 2025, Sundeep Teki
    All rights reserved. No part of these articles may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including  electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author. 
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    This is a personal blog. Any views or opinions represented in this blog are personal and belong solely to the blog owner and do not represent those of people, institutions or organizations that the owner may or may not be associated with in professional or personal capacity, unless explicitly stated.
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​​  ​© 2025 | Sundeep Teki
  • Home
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